The article "The Health-Care Myths We Live By" Assignment

The article "The Health-Care Myths We Live By" - Assignment Example According to the study by Guallar et al., Beta-carotene, Vitamin E and high doses of vitamin A supplements are harmful. In addition, other more antioxidants, such as folic acid, Vitamin Bs, multivitamin and mineral supplements are not effective in improving and protecting human life due to major chronic diseases (Guallar et al. 850). The research by Guallar et al. has justification to support Krauthammer’s standpoint that all the supplements are ineffective because of their baseless prevention trials. Second, Krauthammer challenges a commonly held belief that Medicaid improves quality health care provision to low-income earners. He criticizes the introduction of Medicaid and its influence on the delivery of quality health services. In support of his claim, Krauthammer refers to a study by Baicker et al. According to the study, the Oregon initiated a limited plan of the Medicaid for low-income adults. Through the lottery, approximately 30,000 beneficiaries had the opportunity to apply for Medicaid and enrolled if they met the requirements (Baicker et al. 1715). However, irrespective of efforts to invest in Medicaid coverage there were no significant improvements in the measured physical health outcomes in recent years of luncheon. The study justifies Krauthammer’s claims that Medicaid is ineffective in improving contact between patients and doctors. Baicker, Katherine., Taubman, Sarah., Allen, Heidi., Bernstein, Mira., Gruber, Jonathan., Newhouse, Joseph., Schneider, Eric., Wright, Bill., Zaslavsky, Alan and Finkelstein, Amy. "The Oregon experiment—effects of Medicaid on clinical outcomes." New England Journal of Medicine 368.18 (2013): 1713-1722. Guallar, Eliseo., Stranges, Saverio., Mulrow, Cynthia., Appel, Lawrence and Miller, Edgar. "Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money On Vitamin And Mineral Supplements." Annals of Internal Medicine 159.12 (2013): 850-851. Krauthammer, Charles. â€Å"The Health-care

My Hardest Choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My Hardest Choice - Essay Example The two options had both merits and demerits that I had to consider before settling on one choice. The scholarship presented me with the offer of having good education and an American graduate certificate that could qualify me for a good employment and a nice life. American life could make me a dependent and mature person. This would make me a responsible person and help me stop depending on my mother for everything. Moreover, the open-mindedness of American people enabled me cope up with life in America easily. The people are not hostile and this helped me fit in with the new environment. However, I had to also consider the demerits of taking the scholarship. This included staying away from my beloved family members and friends that I had been used to being close to them. Moreover, adapting to the new culture, strange food and unfamiliar language in the new country would be such a hard task for me. Adult people have to take painful decisions in order to succeed in life. Success in life calls for one to make costly sacrifices with an aim of getting the fruits of this sacrifice later. I came to realize that taking the scholarship was the right choice I had

Business Ethics and Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Business Ethics and Starbucks Essay 1. Starbucks demonstrates a new focus on business ethics and social responsibility by providing health care benefits to their employees, giving to the welfare of the needy, and also by packaging their goods in recycling materials along with any other practices that are beneficial to the company. Starbucks has also demonstrated by improving their dealings with their customers as well as their suppliers. Although this may not bring in additional revenues, the ethical businesses are better recognized and there durability is greater. As long as Starbucks can continue to gain trust in the customers, it will allow them to have a strong bond with them also. 2. I feel that Starbucks has been concerned with social responsibility in its overall corporate strategy because for one reason it is a popular business and it helps the image of the company to care about the community and the environment. Other reasons Starbucks were so concerned was because of the negative impact on the company. Starbucks has always been engaged in responsible business practice since they first started their operation and they have always spent a lot of time defending their image as well. Several small coffee shops were put out of business due to the clustering strategy. Starbucks decided to refocus their strategy after the 2009-2009 recession. Several locations were closed because of the lack of performance due to the economic depression. Because of Starbucks dedication to their employees and suppliers, they were able to earn their loyalty. However Starbucks were also concerned with social responsibility because it affected all parties involved. The company did achieve social responsibility by taking steps to follow certain guidelines and being involved in the community, which is very important to the company since ethical companies tend to do better in the long run. 3. I think Starbucks has both grown rapidly and mainly because it does provide products and an environment that customers want. Most people don’t know anything about the ethical and social responsibility that Starbucks engage in unless they research their websites. I feel that Starbucks success was due to its strong brand image that had been built over the years. Consumers purchased these products from Starbucks because of the good taste. However people were concerned about being ethical and social responsible when running a business, especially when consumers wanted to enjoy what they were consuming without having to worry about how the products are labored. This company also grew large due to several charity campaigns; such as the partnership between Starbucks and the project Red to raise money for different events. By being a large buyer of Fair Trade certified coffee, in spite of the high cost, they continued to grow as the purpose of fair trades that promotes a better working condition and greater incentives for the mmanufacturers. Starbucks does not only offer quality coffee to its customers, they also have a great atmosphere of the coffee shop. They have given back to the community and earned their trust as well as respect from their customers.

Trust And Confidence In The Police Service Criminology Essay

Trust And Confidence In The Police Service Criminology Essay This essay seeks to critically assess the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing, this essay will look to consider the remit of police powers in particular. On this basis, this essay looks to provide for a discussion of the problems that have been recognised in this regard and as to how they may be better resolved through the policies that the government have looked to develop. In addition, this essay seeks to focus upon the recognition of stop and search powers. In seeking to critically assess the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing, this essay will look to consider the remit of police powers in particular. With this in mind, it is first necessary to look to present the rights of the police to stop and search and the rights of those that the police choose to stop and search. On this basis, it is then important to seek to consider the problems that a lack of effective regulation has brought about for example, with regards to discrimination. Therefore, it is also necessary to provide an understanding of what efforts have been made to assist in restoring confidence in the police service in more recent times by looking to establish sanctions for their misdemeanours to look to limit over policing by providing the public with a more effective system of redress. Finally, this essay will look to conclude with a summary of the key points derived from this discussion with a view to critically assessing the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing. To begin with it is to be appreciated police stop and search powers centre on permitting police officers in England and Wales to search members of the general public within our society for contraband (i.e. drugs, weapons, stole property, evidence relating to acts of terrorism or that relates to any other crime). However, the exercise of such rights by the police in carrying out their activities were not without their problems so that the Police Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984 was enacted with a view to rectifying problems that had been recognised with regards to the powers previously granted to the police that allowed the police to stop, search, and subsequently arrest someone suspected of a crime without the need for a warrant (although it is also to be appreciated that stop search is also permitted under the Criminal Justice Public Order Act (CJPOA) 1994 at section 60, the Terrorism Act (TA) 2000 at section 44 and the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 at section 23(2)). Therefore, the u se of the law in practice led to accusations of over policing and an unfair application of its enforcement against the black community leading to many infamous riots around the country with majority black populations like that of Brixton during the early part of the 1980s leading to the drafting and ultimate implementation of the PACE 1984. To this end Code A of the PACE 1984 provides for the exercising of police stop and search powers and, allied to the use of reasonable force (Police Reform Act 2002 at Schedule 4, paragraph 15), the Code recognises that if a police officer uses stop and search powers then they must inform the person that they have stopped for searching of (a) the law that is the basis of them stopping and searching that individual; (b) their police number and station; (c) what they are looking for; (d) the reason for the stop (unless it is a terrorist stop under section 44 of the TA 2000 and under the powers granted by section 60 of the CJPOA 1994); (e) the individuals right to be given a record of the search; and (f) the fact that the individual is considered to be detained for the duration of the stop. The rights of those being searched are, therefore, established as part of sections 2 and 3 of the PACE 1984 and are binding on all forms of stop and search not only those authorised under section 1 o f the PACE 1984. To this effect it is not necessary for an individual in a stop and search to give a police officer their name and address in a stop and search. Declining to provide this information is not a valid reason for arrest. In addition, police officers must use their stop and search powers fairly and responsibly without discrimination and if English is not a subjects first language reasonable steps must be taken to provide information in their first language. Moreover, police officers also need to make sure search time is kept to a minimum and takes place near where the stopping occurs except where it protects their privacy. However, despite the problems that have arisen in this regard, the limits of New Labours penal imagination were first made clear in the development of their policy of zero tolerance policing that refers to an American invention regarding the intensive community policing strategies introduced there in the mid-1990s. The recognition of this strategy is founded upon the development of a principle for clamping down on the occurrence of street offences and incivilities in the belief that more serious offences will then be later curtailed (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). As a result, in Britain it has been recognised that this has also all too commonly translated into intensive policing and operations (a) against under-age smoking and drinking; (b) dealing with acts of obstruction by street traders; (c) against public urination; (d) to prevent graffiti writing, and (e) for the arrest or moving on of aggressive beggars, prostitutes, pickpockets, fare dodgers, abusive drunks and litter louts amongst others (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Moreover, this strategy for the development of police policy has been recognised as being founded upon the non-conservative proposition that if climates of disorder are allowed to develop, more serious crime will then serve to follow in the circumstances (Wilson Kelling, 1982). In addition both the government and the opposition along with the most prominent senior police officers have argued this kind of approach is a success in view of the fact that it serves to reduce the rates of robbery and murder domestically. However, that is not to say that the approach to policing has not been subject to some significant criticism. This is because some significant questions have arisen with regards to the precise reasons for declining crime rates and the efficacy of a zero tolerance strategy (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Such a view is founded on the fact that some senior police officers have come to argue that a zero-tolerance approach to tackling low-level disorder and incivilities is narrow, aggressive, and uncompromising and, . . . , targets people rather than addresses the underlying problems (NACRO, 1997, at p.18). At the same time, however, it is to be appreciated that a zero tolerance approach to policing does nothing to address issues that are related to the racialisation of law and order that has all too often produced high rates of stop-and-search and arrests, prosecutions, and the use of custody for Afro-Caribbean youth. To emphasise the problems this has caused, at the turn of the last decade it was found black people are six times more likely to be stopped and searched by the police than white people (Home Office, 1999). As a result, it has been argued the increasing use of stop-and-search by the police, whilst the proportion of stops actually leading to arrests for crimes has declined, has indicated the importance of the role of police surveillance of both the excluded and the threatening figures suggest that stop and search is anything but a useful method of apprehending criminal offenders (Lea, 2000). However, that is not to say that it may not have other purposes in practice because of the fact that This function . . . is again becoming prominent with the growth of social exclusion and a substantial underclass of people with high rates of poverty, homelessness, school expulsions, etc (Lea, 2000). Therefore, such an over policing has had serious implications, especially against a background of o ngoing revelations about police misconduct and abuses of power so the credibility of the police has been seriously undermined by many revelations of miscarriages of justice, as well as cases involving other forms of police misconduct and corruption that need to be remedied (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). By way of illustration, in 1998 the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police acknowledged there may be up to 250 corrupt officers serving in his force and this figure is unlikely to have changed all that much despite the best efforts of government policy makers (see, for example, the more recent case of two Nottinghamshire police officers convicted after pleading guilty to charges of corruption BBC News, 2006) that would seem to suggest an unknown number of criminal investigations may be seriously compromised (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). As a result, in an effort to combat the problem, a special squad of anti-corruption investigators (including accountants and private surveillance experts) were commissioned with a view to targeting officers believed to be implicated in offences including (i) the planning and carrying out of armed robberies; (ii) large-scale drug dealing; (iii) threats of violence against the public; and (iv) contract killings. However, despite such efforts, gove rnment policy makers failure to provide effective legal mechanisms for dealing with allegations of police abuse, coupled with the large number of successful claims against the police for civil damages or substantial out-of-court settlements have attracted the attention of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT, 2000). This is because the ECPT Report was extremely critical of the existing system of dealing with police misconduct that has often resulted in police officers not being brought to justice even when victims have been awarded damages. In addition, even in those cases where there is prima facie evidence of the nature and gravity of police abuses, it is rare for criminal and/or disciplinary proceedings to be brought and even rarer for police officers to be convicted of a criminal offence as a result (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Moreover, in an effort to actively deal with the problems that have arisen in this area, the PRA 2002 established the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) that introduced a fully independent system for the investigation of serious complaints (Savage, 2007). This is largely because, previously, dealing with complaints against the police had been dominated by the periodic and incremental enhancement of the independent or external element in relation to oversight (Smith, 2004). Therefore, the IPCCs establishment as a mean of redress for the public could be considered to be a logical extension of a process that has been under way for some considerable time (Smith, 2004) and could be considered the next logical stage in the process of enhancing accountability. Thee IPCCs creation arose from out of the Macpherson Report into the failings of the police regarding the murder of Stephen Lawrence that recommended the establishment of an independent body for the investigation of serio us complaints against the police particularly amongst ethnic minorities (Macpherson, 1999). In addition, the PRA 2002 also established within the Home Office the Police Standards Unit (PSU) as a further form of regulation of police activities that was to later to fall within the scope of the National Police Improvement Agency (Hale, Uglow Heaton, 2005). With this in mind, the PSU sought to regulate the performance of individual police forces and operational command units (Home Office, 2005). Therefore, the PSU has the authority to intervene in the management of poor performing or failing police units and identify best practice in strategic and operational policing and disseminate such best practice across forces (Savage, 2007. Referred to somewhat revealingly as Knowledge Management, this role of identifying and spreading best practice as a form of doctrinal dissemination contains an assumption the centre knows best when it comes to models and approaches to policing (Home Office, 2005, at p.9). To conclude, it is clear that police stop and search powers have impacted significantly upon trust and confidence in the police service in view of the notion of over policing. This is because the problems with police stop and search powers are illustrative of the fact that the police have often over used their powers in looking to regulate the activities of those living within domestic society. Amongst other problems such activities have led to instances of discrimination and accusations of corruption against the police to the detriment of public confidence and trust. Therefore, with a view to resolving such problems the government has looked to adopt significant practical policy changes with a view to then providing redress for the public against apparent acts of over policing. As has already been discussed as part of this essay, the government has sought to deal with the problems in this regard by developing independent bodies with a view to regulating the activities of the police and holding them accountable for their actions.

Identify and analyse the relationship between the business’s training :: Business and Management Studies

Identify and analyse the relationship between the business’s training and development programme and its management of performance and explain how these two functions may be influenced by different motivational theories HSBC puts a lot of emphasis on providing excellent training and development programmes. HSBC believe that it is this quality of training that has enabled them to become a successful organisation. The training programmes are usually carried out in a consistent and formal way. HSBC believe that this is a key way of motivating their employees. Ø Training and Development The main aim of training and development at HSBC is to develop and improve the employees within the company. Delivery The training cycle above shows that there are four different areas that need to be looked at (needs analysis, evaluation, delivery and design). These are the four most important factors that contribute to the success of the training programme. Using this cycle HSBC put a very specific training programme in place that all employees must follow while at the company. The programmes is as follows: 1) Induction Training 2) Job Specific Training 3) Personal Development Ø Performance Management The link between Training and Development and Performance Management For the training and development to be successful, performance management is needed to help each factor work effectively. Performance management enables employees to set individual objectives and the training and development aids them in meeting each one. This process is ongoing and HSBC has three stages of training and development that each employee must carry out. These three stages link to the training and development and performance of employees in the following ways: - Induction Training – these needs are recognised and then and planned out using performance management. - Job Specific Training – here the needs are also recognised and planned using performance management. After employees complete the training efficiency, accuracy and quality are analysed through performance management. - Personal Development – needs are identified and planned through performance management. There are various types of training an employee can use to develop himself/herself. Each employee recognises his or her individual training needs through performance management. After doing the training they feel it has not been effective then other methods of training will be looked at. The initial step of the training programme needs to be analysed. Here performance management is essential because management need to recognise the needs and requirements of the employee. This is a further example of the link between performance management and training and development. The next step is design. This involves discussion on the type of training that will be applied to the employee. The third and fourth stages of the cycle are Delivery and Evaluation and bring the process

Lois Lowrys The Giver Should Not be Censored Essay -- Lois Lowry Give

Lois Lowry's The Giver Should Not be Censored      Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents in modern society routinely attempt to shield their children from what they view as evils of the world. Adults censor television they watch, conversations they have, and books they read. In so doing, parents feel that they are guarding their children from knowledge that they may not be emotionally capable of handling. However, it also is imperative in the highly competitive atmosphere of modern society for youth to become prepared for the pressures of adulthood. Ironically, the dangerous knowledge parents believe they are hiding from their children inevitably is learned through exposure. In the domain of literature, a parent may feel that a particular book attracts attention to inappropriate or taboo issues, neglecting the positive aspects of that same work. This is the situation that has developed with Lois Lowry's The Giver, a book opposed by parents across the nation. Throughout the novel, despite challenges that have emerged based in her use of e uphemistic expressions for euthanasia within a utopian society, the author nonetheless demonstrates the importance of experiential learning and the valuable lessons to be learned by working through the negative aspects of life.    Parents have raised protest against The Giver because it references euthanasia; a concept many believe corrupts youthful readers' minds and values. Indeed, the author initially does minimize the significance of mercy killing by euphemistically denoting it as, "release" (139). However, when Jonas learns the true definition of this term, he grows determined to awaken the community to what it is condoning. He realizes that the process of release is a "feeling of terri... ...ustrates the significance of developing and experiencing a balanced perspective on life. However, this parental challenge misunderstands that euphemism is used as a literary device to actually convey the horror of infanticide. Lowery further conveys the poverty of emotional experience that emerges when words are used superficially and without meaning. The Giver further demonstrates through the development of the protagonist, Jonas, that it is necessary to experience the negative aspects of life in order to enjoy the good life has to offer. It reveals that the price paid for the illusion of safety in a utopian environment is the demoralization of life and its endless possibilities, or, as more euphemistically referred to in today's society, no pain, no gain. Work Cited: Lowry, L.   The Giver. New York, NY: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, 1993.

Repton School Essay

Amit Ruparel, 15, is a boarder at Repton School, doing his GCSEs. He lives in Derby with his parents, brother and sister. I wake up at around half-past seven with a big yawn. I then get up, grab my towel and shower gel, go downstairs and have a shower. Every time I wake up at this time of the morning I think if I were at home I would be still asleep. As soon as I have had my shower I go back upstairs and get changed. I then go downstairs for breakfast, which is compulsory. For breakfast I have a bowl of cereal and a glass of fresh orange juice. I like eating cereal at any time of the day. I think that it is nice at any point of the day. I also believe that fresh orange juice is really good for you. Recently I have been trying to be careful with my diet due to my weight, I am trying to eat as healthier as possible. When I have had my breakfast I go upstairs and check if I have any unfinished prep to do and if I do then I get on with it. If I have not got any unfinished prep or any other work to be getting on with I turn on my computer and play some games. My computer is a very important part of my life; I could not do much with out it. I have always used the computer wherever I can; I use it for my work as well as playing on it when I am bored. I get my books ready a few minutes later so I leave the house five minutes before the lessons start or even earlier, so that I do not get punished for being late to a lesson. My school is like a mini village in where by you do not have to walk so far, therefore I do not have to leave to go to school so early. The first lesson starts at ten to nine and ends at half past nine. I then have a five-minute break, which I get between every lesson. After the third lesson I have a break for half an hour. During the break I usually get myself a drink and a snack to eat. At one o’clock, after the fifth lesson, I have lunch, which lasts around forty minutes. I then go to my room and listen to music on my computer for ten to fifteen minutes, then get my books and go to the last three lessons, which finish at four o’clock, unless I have a half day. If so I will carry on playing on my computer or get changed and go to computer programming. I do computer programming because I enjoy playing around with software and also I have had past experience on it because I always watch my brother on the computer whilst he is making new programmes as project and so I would know quite a bit about making them. I like computers so much that I am thinking about taking a career towards those lines. On a Tuesday (half – day) once I have finished computer programming I will go to badminton for an hour, but if it is a Thursday I will go and hang around with my friends. After badminton I come back to the house, have a shower and then go and ‘hang out’ with my friends. I come back to the house after five always finding someone in the house yard to play a game of football with. I go to tea at six o’clock. I think that in our house tea is the nicest meal. As soon as I have finished I run outside and play football in the yard again but I would prefer being on holiday, as I would be out playing cricket or at home playing on the Playstation 2. I have always loved holidays and going home for them. When I am at home it is so relaxing and there is not much work to be don’t and if there is then it can be done when I am bored. I go upstairs at seven o’clock get my books for the subjects that I have prep to do for and then go downstairs to ‘the worker’ and do my prep there. This is the part of the day, which I find most boring and when I wish that I was at home. I go downstairs and watch TV for a while after prep, but if nothing interesting is on I go and play on my computer. At this point if I was at home I would be going out with my friends. I go upstairs from the TV room to my room at half ten if I was downstairs to get ready for bed. At quarter to eleven it is lights out. I hate going to bed so early if I was home I’d still be out with my friends. I like going out at night. I find the vibe that is around you at night is amazing. When I go out at night it would probably be going to the cinema, playing pool at a club called Rileys or to the pub.